旋耕机刀片的耐磨性研究

结合旋耕机刀片的工况条件,运用摩擦学的研究成果,揭示了旋耕刀的磨损机理,并建立了冲蚀磨损模型。经试验验证,提出了影响旋耕刀耐磨性的因素,指出低碳高合金钢作为旋耕刀材料具有比高碳钢65Mn更好的抗磨损机能。     

干旱及盐胁迫对酸浆种子萌发特性的影响

以酸浆种子为试材,分别采用浓度为0%~25.0%的PEG-6000模拟干旱胁迫,同时用0~150mmol·L~(-1) NaCl溶液模拟盐分胁迫,分别考察酸浆种子的抗旱和抗盐萌发特性。结果表明:随着PEG浓度增加,酸浆种子萌发延迟,且发芽率、发芽势和发芽指数均呈现明显下降趋势,PEG达25.0%时,酸浆种子没有萌发;临界胁迫浓度C_(50)为12.3%,高于番茄种子C50(8.0%~10.8%)。随着NaCl溶液浓度升高,酸浆种子的发芽率、发芽势、发芽指数也呈下降趋势;浓度达到150mmol·L~(-1)时,种子发芽率比对照组降低43.0%,萌发种子不能发育为正常幼苗;其C50为107.0mmol·L~(-1),低于向日葵种子的C_(50)(258.0mmol·L~(-1))。     

Physiological but not morphological adjustments along latitudinal gradients in a human commensal species,the Eurasian tree sparrow

Human commensal species take advantage of anthropogenic conditions that are less likely to be challenged by the selective pressures of natural environments. Their morphological and physiological phenotypes can therefore dissociate from habitat characteristics. Understanding how these species adjust their morphological and physiological traits across latitudinal gradients is fundamental to uncovering the eco-physiological strategies underlying coping mechanisms. Here, we studied morphological traits in breeding Eurasian tree sparrows (ETSs; Passer montanus) among low-latitude (Yunnan and Hunan) and middle-latitude (Hebei) localities in China. We then compared body mass; lengths of bill, tarsometatarsus, wing, total body, and tail feather; and baseline and capture stress-induced levels of plasma corticosterone (CORT) and the metabolites including glucose (Glu), total triglyceride (TG), free fatty acid (FFA), total protein, and uric acid (UA). None of the measured morphological parameters varied with latitude except in the Hunan population, which demonstrated longer bills than those in other populations. Stress-induced CORT levels significantly exceeded baseline levels and decreased with increasing latitude, but total integrated CORT levels did not vary with latitude. Capture stress-induced significantly increased Glu levels and decreased TG levels, independent of site. However, the Hunan population had significantly higher baseline CORT, baseline and stress-induced FFA levels, but lower UA levels, which differed from other populations. Our results suggest that rather than morphological adjustments, physiological adjustments are mainly involved in coping mechanisms for middle-latitude adaptation in ETSs. It is worth investigating whether other avian species also exhibit such dissociation from external morphological designs while depending on physiological adjustments.     

RECREATING SMALL SEAMLESS TUBE MILLS BY PIERCING INSFEAD OF ROLLING

This paper discuss the effects of automatic plug mills in small seamless tube mills. Far from traditional ideas,the auther comes rp with mew ideas, which adot the mew process of replacing rolling by piercing,a huge sum of economical interests and great social benefits will be gained.     

间接竞争性ELISA检测甲胺磷残留

采用制备的兔抗血清建立了甲胺磷（methamidophos,MTP)残留的间接竞争性ELISA方法，证明了抗血清的特异性较好，并确立了测定参数：抗血清与包被抗原的最佳工作浓度分别为1：3000和1：5000；最适检测范围为0．01－0．1μg/ml；批内变异系数7．56％，批间变异系数5．70％。     

稀有植物喜荫草种群结构及所在群落结构特征

文章对我国热带地区出现的稀有植物喜荫草S.tenella Bl.的种群结构及其所在群落结构特征进行描述。结果表明喜荫草在野外出现的频度较小,不易于被发现;但其种群结构较为稳定,更新良好。而且,喜荫草种群所在群落存在一定数量的本土特有种和保护植物,喜荫草能与它们良好的共生,它主要生长区域集中在尖峰岭自然保护区的范围内,得到良好的保护。     

广东鹤山、东莞莲花山小蛾类（Ⅰ）

对广东省鹤山和东莞莲花山自然保护区的小蛾类昆虫进行调查，计有8科35属43种。其中广东新记录种14种。     

Prevalence and risk factors for contamination with Listeria monocytogenes of imported and exported meat and fish products in Switzerland, 1992-2000

A total of 2053 import and 164 export samples from 425 production plants were examined over a 9-year period (1992-2000) for the presence of Listeria monocytogenes (L. monocytogenes) in Switzerland. Overall, 282 samples (12.2%) and 85 plants (20.5%) harbored the pathogen. The highest isolation risk was for marinated fish (38%); the lowest was in cured- and dried-meat products.Unconditional fixed-effect logistic regression was used to identify the main hazards associated with the presence of L. monocytogenes. The plant-level model considered potential risk factors for a positive culture operating at the production-plant level by including a random effect of plant and year.Food category was the only significant factor; sampling site, country of origin and season were not significant. Marinated fish was a strong predictor for positive culture, whereas cooked- and cured-meat products were protective. Plant and year effects were significant. Control measures should be focused on specific food items in each production plant.